Ukuthuthukiswa Kobuchwepheshe Bokunqanda Ukugqwala Kwepayipi Lensimbi Vikela Ukuphepha Nokuphila Kwezokuthutha Zezimboni
Embonini ye-petrochemical, ukunikezwa kwamanzi kamasipala, kanye nemikhakha yokuthutha igesi yemvelo, amapayipi ensimbi, njengezimoto zokuthutha eziyinhloko, ahlala ebhekene nezinselele eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukugqwala kwenhlabathi, ukuguguleka kwemithombo yezindaba, kanye ne-oxidation yomoya. Idatha ibonisa ukuthi isilinganiso sempilo yesevisi yamapayipi ensimbi angalashwanga ingaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu, kuyilapho leyo yokwelashwa okujwayelekile kwe-anticorrosion inganwetshwa ibe ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-20. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kanye nezidingo eziphakeme zokuvikela imvelo, ubuchwepheshe bokunqanda ukubola kwamapayipi ensimbi buye bavela ekuvikelweni kwento eyodwa kuya esigabeni esisha sokuvikela umjikelezo wempilo ogcwele ohlanganisa "ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto, ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo, nokuqapha okuhlakaniphile."
Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe bokunqanda ukubola kwamapayipi ensimbi ajwayelekile buhlinzeka ngezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene ezenzelwe izimo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza. Emkhakheni wamapayipi angcwatshwe, i-3PE (i-polyethylene enezingqimba ezintathu) i-anti-corrosion coating iyisixazululo esithandwayo samapayipi ahamba ibanga elide kawoyela negesi ngenxa yokumelana kwawo okuhle kakhulu nokucindezeleka kwenhlabathi kanye nokuhlakazeka kwe-cathodic. Isakhiwo sabo esiyinhlanganisela, esihlanganisa i-epoxy powder eyisisekelo, i-adhesive ephakathi, kanye nongqimba lwe-polyethylene yangaphandle, inikeza kokubili ukugqwala kanye nokuvikelwa komthelela. Ngamapayipi ane-asidi ne-alkaline embonini yamakhemikhali, okokufaka kwe-fluorocarbon nolayini lwepulasitiki kunikeza izinzuzo. Okwangaphambili kusebenzisa ukungabi namakhemikhali kwe-fluororesin ukuze imelane nemidiya egqwala kakhulu, kuyilapho eyakamuva ihlukanisa ngokoqobo imidiya ehanjiswayo epayipini lensimbi ngokwalo ngokufaka udonga lwangaphakathi ngezinto ezifana ne-polyethylene ne-polytetrafluoroethylene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hot-dip galvanizing isetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezigqwala kancane njengendawo yokuphakelwa kwamanzi kamasipala nezinhlelo zokudonsa amanzi kanye nezisekelo zensimbi ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi kanye nokufakwa kalula. Isenzo somhlatshelo se-anodic sengqimba ye-zinc sinikeza ukuvikelwa kwe-electrochemical okuhlala isikhathi eside kwepayipi lensimbi.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuqanjwa kwezinqubo kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokunqanda ukugqwala kwamapayipi ensimbi. Izinqubo zendabuko zokudweba okwenziwa ngesandla, ngenxa yezinkinga ezifana nokujiya okungalingani nokunamathelana kahle, kancane kancane kuthathelwa indawo imigqa yokukhiqiza ezenzakalelayo. Ukufafaza okujwayelekile kwe-electrostatic kwamanje kanye nobuchwepheshe bokufafaza okungenamoya bungafinyelela ukubekezelela ukushuba kokumboza ngaphakathi ku-±5%. Emkhakheni wezinto ezilwa nokugqwala, okokugcotshwa kwe-epoxy okusekelwe emvelweni okuhambisana nemvelo kanye nama-graphene-modified anti-corrosion coating kancane kancane athatha indawo ye-solvent-based coatings, enciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-VOC ngenkathi ethuthukisa ukumelana nesimo sezulu sokumboza kanye nokumelana nokuguga. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindlela zokuqapha ezihlakaniphile seziqala ukuhlanganiswa ezinhlelweni zokulwa nokugqwala. Amapayipi ensimbi kwamanye amaphrojekthi abalulekile manje afakwe izinzwa zokugqwala. Lezi zinzwa ziqoqa amasiginali womonakalo wesikhathi sangempela wamanje nokugqwala kusukela odongeni olungaphandle lwepayipi, okunikeza amandla isexwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi sezingozi zokungaphumeleli kokugqwala kanye nokulungiswa okunembile.
Kumaphrojekthi ensimbi alwa nokugqwala, ukuvumelana kwemboni ukuthi "izinto ezingama-30%, ukwakhiwa kwama-70%. Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa, indawo yepayipi yensimbi kufanele ifakwe isihlabathi ukuze isuse ukugqwala futhi iqinisekise ukukhahlamezeka kwe-Sa2.5 noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu kwelashwa futhi kususa ukungcola okufana namafutha, isikali, nokunye ukungcola, kuvula indlela yokunamathela kokunamathela. Ngesikhathi sokwakha, ukushuba kokumboza, izinga lokushisa lokuphulukisa, nesikhathi kufanele kulawulwe ngokuqinile ukuze kugwenywe amaphutha afana nezimbobo zokumboza nokuvuza kokumboza. Ngemva kokuqedwa, ukusebenza kahle kwe-anti-corrosion kumele kuqinisekiswe ngezindlela ezinjengokuhlolwa kwenhlansi nokuhlola ukunamathela. Kuphela ngokusungula inqubo ebanzi, evala iluphu ehlanganisa “ukukhethwa kwempahla - ukwelashwa kwendawo - ukuphathwa nokulawula ukwakhiwa - ukunakekela ngemva kokulungiswa" lapho inani lesikhathi eside lepayipi lensimbi lokulwa nokugqwala lingabonakala ngempela.
Ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinjongo “zekhabhoni embaxambili” kanye nokwanda kwezidingo zokuphepha kwezimboni, ubuchwepheshe bokunqanda ukugqwala kwamapayipi ensimbi buzoqhubeka nokuguqukela ezindleleni eziluhlaza, ezisebenza kahle kakhulu nezihlakaniphe kakhulu. Esikhathini esizayo, izinto ezintsha zokunqanda ukugqwala ezihlanganisa izakhiwo ezinekhabhoni ephansi nokuvikela isikhathi eside, kanye nezinhlelo zokuqapha ezilwa nokugqwala ezihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obungamawele edijithali, zizoba izinto ezibalulekile zocwaningo lwemboni kanye nentuthuko. Lokhu kuzohlinzeka ngesivikelo esiqinile sokuphepha samapayipi ezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni futhi kube negalelo ekusebenzeni kwezinga eliphezulu kwengqalasizinda.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-14-2025