Amapayipi ngokuvamile ahlukaniswa ngokwezilinganiso ezintathu eziyinhloko: izinto zokwakha, inqubo yokukhiqiza, kanye nokusetshenziswa. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamapayipi ensimbi zinomehluko omkhulu ekusebenzeni kanye nezimo ezifanele. Ukuhlukaniswa okuqondile kungokulandelayo:
Ngokwezinto Ezibalulekile
Lena yindlela eyisisekelo kakhulu yokuhlukanisa, enquma ukusebenza okuyinhloko kwepayipi lensimbi.
Amapayipi Ensimbi Aphonswe
Amapayipi Ensimbi Ampunga: Abuthakathaka kakhulu futhi aqinile, kodwa ashibhile. Esikhathini esidlule, ayesetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlinzekweni kwamanzi omphakathi kanye nokuthuthwa kwamanzi, kanye nokunisela kwezolimo, kodwa manje kancane kancane athathelwa indawo amapayipi ensimbi athambile.
Amapayipi Ensimbi Ahlanganisiwe: Ukuqina kwensimbi ephonswe kuthuthukiswa ngokwelashwa kwe-spheroidization. Amandla awo asondele kakhulu kunalawo amapayipi ensimbi, futhi anokumelana okuqinile kokugqwala kanye nokumelana nokulungiswa. Ayizinto eziyinhloko zamapayipi amanzi emvula kamasipala kanye namapayipi okuhambisa amanzi angcolile kanye namapayipi amakhulu okuhambisa amanzi.
Amapayipi Ensimbi Athambile: Aziwa kakhulu ngokuthi “amapayipi ensimbi athambile,” athambile futhi kulula ukuwacubungula, asetshenziselwa kakhulu ukwenza izinto zokufaka amapayipi (izindololwane, ama-tee), kunokuba asetshenziswe ekudluliseni amanzi/igesi ibanga elide.
Amapayipi Ensimbi
Njengoba zenziwe ngensimbi, amandla azo nokuqina kwazo kuphakeme kakhulu kunamapayipi ensimbi ancibilikisiwe, anezinhlobo eziningi ezincane:
Amapayipi Ensimbi Yekhabhoni: Enziwe ngensimbi yekhabhoni, ayabiza kakhulu futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlinzekeni ngamanzi nasekukhipheni amanzi, ekudluliseni ukushisa, kanye nasekuthuthweni koketshezi olujwayelekile lwezimboni.
Amapayipi Ensimbi Engxube: Aqukethe izinto zokuxuba ezifana ne-chromium, i-molybdenum, ne-nickel, amelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu, umfutho ophezulu, kanye nokugqwala, futhi asetshenziswa ezimbonini zamakhemikhali, zamandla, kanye ne-petroleum (njengokuthutha umusi oshisa kakhulu kanye nemidiya egqwalisayo).
Amapayipi Ensimbi Engagqwali: Aqukethe i-chromium engu-≥10.5%, anokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala futhi asetshenziswa ekucubungulweni kokudla, emithini yemithi, kanye nasekukhishweni kukasawoti emanzini olwandle, lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu noma ukumelana nokugqwala.
Ngenqubo Yokukhiqiza
Lokhu kusebenza kakhulu kumapayipi ensimbi; izinqubo ezahlukene zithinta ngqo amandla okuthwala ingcindezi kanye nezimo ezifanele zamapayipi.
Amapayipi Ensimbi Angenamthungo
Ngaphandle kwemithungo yokushisela, zinamandla aphezulu kanye nomthamo oqinile wokuthwala ingcindezi, futhi zihlukaniswe ngamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo ashiswayo kanye namapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo adonswayo abandayo:
Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo ashiswa ngokushisa: Ububanzi obukhulu kanye nobukhulu bodonga, asetshenziselwa ukuthuthwa koketshezi olunomfutho ophezulu kanye nezingxenye zesakhiwo semishini;
Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo adonswa ngokubandayo: Ukunemba okuphezulu kanye nobuso obubushelelezi, asetshenziselwa izinsimbi zokunemba, izinhlelo ze-hydraulic, njll. Amapayipi Ensimbi Ahlanganisiwe
Zenziwe ngokushisela amapuleti ensimbi noma imichilo, zibiza kancane kunezipayipi zensimbi ezingenamthungo futhi zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili:
Amapayipi ensimbi ahlanganiswe ngomthungo oqondile: Umthungo wokushisela uqondile, kanti ububanzi bepayipi buncane kakhulu. Asetshenziselwa ukuphakelwa kwamanzi nokukhipha amanzi okunomfutho ophansi, amapayipi egesi, kanye namapayipi omgudu;
Amapayipi ensimbi ahlanganisiwe anomthungo ojikelezayo: Umthungo wokushisela umise okwesiyingi, unobubanzi obukhulu (kufika kumamitha angaphezu kwama-3), futhi uqinile kahle. Asetshenziselwa amapayipi amakhulu egesi kamasipala kanye namapayipi amanzi anobubanzi obukhulu ezitshalweni zokuhlanza indle.
Ukuhlukaniswa Ngokusetshenziswa
Kuhlukaniswe ngokwesimo sesicelo kanye nendlela edlulisiwe, okunikeza ukucaciswa okukhulu:
Amapayipi ensimbi okuphakelwa kwamanzi nokudonswa kwamanzi: njengamapayipi amanzi ensimbi athambile, amapayipi okudonsa amanzi ensimbi ahlanganisiwe ne-PVC, kanye namapayipi amanzi ensimbi yekhabhoni;
Amapayipi ensimbi okudlulisa igesi: njengamapayipi ensimbi ahlanganisiwe agqitshwe nge-galvanized kanye namapayipi ensimbi ahlanganiswe nge-spiral-seam (adinga ukwelashwa kokulwa nokugqwala);
Amapayipi ensimbi okushisa: njengamapayipi ensimbi ahlanganisiwe angashisi ukushisa kanye namapayipi ensimbi afakwe umswakama (anesendlalelo sokushisa sangaphandle);
Amapayipi ensimbi asezimbonini: njengamapayipi e-alloy amelana nokugqwala okusetshenziswa ngamakhemikhali kanye namapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo aphezulu okusetshenziswa ngophethiloli.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-05-2026