Njengesigaba esibalulekile samapuleti ensimbi, amapuleti esitsha adlala indima ebalulekile embonini yesimanje. Ngenxa yokwakheka kwazo okukhethekile kanye nezakhiwo, zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwenza imikhumbi yokucindezela ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo eziqinile zokucindezela, izinga lokushisa kanye nokugqwala ukumelana nezimo ezihlukene zezimboni.
Ukwakheka okukhethekile nokusebenza
Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali amapuleti esiqukathi akhiwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi anokusebenza okuhle kakhulu okuphelele. Ngokungeziwe kuma-elementi ayisisekelo, izakhi ze-alloy ezifana ne-chromium, i-nickel, i-molybdenum, ne-vanadium yengezwa ngokuvumelana nezimo ezihlukene zokusetshenziswa nezimfuneko zokusebenza. Ukwengezwa kwalezi zakhi kungathuthukisa ngokuphumelelayo amandla, ukuqina, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwamapuleti esitsheni, okubenza bafaneleke izimo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ngokuphathelene nezakhiwo zemishini, amapuleti esitsha anamandla amahle kakhulu kanye nokuqina. Amandla aphezulu abenza bakwazi ukumelana nokucindezela okukhulu ngaphandle kokuguqulwa noma ukuqhekeka; ukuqina okuhle kungagwema ukuphuka okufiphala ngaphansi kwamandla angaphandle anjengomthelela noma ukudlidliza, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile kwezinto zokusebenza. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukusebenza kwayo okuhle kokushisela kanye nokusebenza kokucubungula kwenza kube lula ukwenza imikhumbi yokucindezela yomumo nokucaciswa okuhlukahlukene ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezihlukahlukene zobunjiniyela.
Izigaba ezinothile nezihlukahlukene
Ngokusho kwamazinga ahlukene, amapuleti esitsha angahlukaniswa ngezindlela eziningi. Ngokwenhloso, ingahlukaniswa ibe insimbi evamile yokucindezela umkhumbi, izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokucindezela umkhumbi insimbi, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokucindezela umkhumbi insimbi, insimbi engagqwali eyinhlanganisela yensimbi ipuleti, njll. General pressure umkhumbi insimbi ifaneleka medium and evamile lokushisa, medium and low ingcindezi imvelo, futhi iyona esetshenziswa kabanzi impahla eyisisekelo; Ukushisa okuphansi komkhumbi insimbi yensimbi inokuqina okuhle kokushisa okuphansi futhi ifanele indawo yesevisi yokushisa ephansi; izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lomkhumbi wensimbi yensimbi ingagcina ukusebenza okuzinzile endaweni yokushisa ephezulu futhi ihlangabezane nezidingo zezimo zokushisa eziphezulu zokusebenza; insimbi engagqwali eyinhlanganisela ipuleti yensimbi ihlanganisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali namandla ensimbi evamile, futhi ifanele izigcawu ezinezidingo ezikhethekile zokumelana nokugqwala.
Ngokusho kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, amapuleti esiqukathi angahlukaniswa abe amapuleti esitsha se-carbon steel, amapuleti esitsha sensimbi ye-alloy ephansi kanye namapuleti esitsha sensimbi engagqwali. Amapuleti esitsha se-Carbon steel anezindleko eziphansi nokusebenza okuhle kwenqubo; amapuleti ensimbi yensimbi ephansi athuthukise kakhulu amandla, ukuqina nokumelana nokugqwala ngokungeza izakhi ze-alloy; amapuleti esitsha sensimbi engenasici avame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezinezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokumelana nokugqwala njengemboni yamakhemikhali nokudla ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala kwazo okuhle kakhulu.
Izinkambu ezibanzi zohlelo lokusebenza
Amapuleti esiqukathi anezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo futhi adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini ezifana ne-petroleum, imboni yamakhemikhali, iziteshi zikagesi, ama-boilers, njll. Embonini ye-petrochemical, isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza imishini efana nama-reactors, izishintshi zokushisa, izihlukanisi, amathangi ayindilinga, amathangi kawoyela negesi, kanye namathangi kagesi afakwe uketshezi. Le mishini idinga ukusebenza isikhathi eside ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima ezifana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukucindezela okukhulu, nokugqwala okuqinile. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwamapuleti esitsha kunikeza isiqinisekiso esithembekile sokusebenza kwabo okuphephile nokuzinzile.
Emkhakheni weziteshi zamandla kanye nama-boilers, amapuleti esiqukathi asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezibalulekile ezifana nezigubhu zamabhoyili kanye nemikhumbi yokucindezela kwe-nuclear reactor. Izigubhu zama-boiler zidinga ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kanye ne-high-pressure steam, edinga amandla aphezulu kakhulu nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwezinto; imikhumbi yomfutho we-nuclear reactor ihlobene nokusebenza okuphephile kwezikhungo zamandla enuzi, futhi izindinganiso ezicishe ziqine zibekwe kwikhwalithi nokusebenza kwamapuleti okuqukatha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezemithi, ukudla, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nezinye izimboni, amapuleti esitsheni asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza imikhumbi ehlukahlukene yokugcina nokusabela ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezikhethekile zemboni zokuhlanzeka, ukumelana nokugqwala, njll.
Isimo sokudiliva esihlukile
Isimo sokulethwa kwamapuleti esiqukathi ikakhulukazi sihlanganisa ukugingqika okushisayo, ukugingqika okulawulwayo, ukujwayela, ukujwayela + ukushisa, ukushisa + ukucisha (ukushisa), njll. Izimo ezihlukene zokulethwa zizobangela amapuleti esiqukathi ukuthi wethule izinhlangano nezakhiwo ezahlukene. Esimweni esishisayo, izindleko zensimbi yensimbi ziphansi, kodwa ukufana kokusebenza kuncane kakhulu; ukuginqika okulawulwayo kungacwengisa okusanhlamvu futhi kuthuthukise amandla nokuqina kwepuleti lensimbi ngokulawula ngokunembile imingcele yenqubo yokugingqa; i-normalizing ingenza isakhiwo se-steel plate iyunifomu futhi ithuthukise izakhiwo zemishini; i-normalizing + tempering ingaqhubeka nokuqeda ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi, ithuthukise ukuqina kanye nokuzinza kwe-dimensional; ukucisha nokushisa kungenza ipuleti lensimbi lithole inhlanganisela engcono kakhulu yamandla aphezulu kanye nokuqina okuhle.
Ukukhethwa kwesimo esifanele sokulethwa kudinga ukucatshangelwa okuphelele kwezinto ezifana nezimo zokusetshenziswa, ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula kanye nezindleko zesiqukathi. Isibonelo, emikhunjini yokucindezela engaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu kanye nomthelela, isimo sokulethwa sokucisha kanye nokwelashwa okushisayo kuvame ukusetshenziswa; kuyilapho kwezinye iziqukathi ezizwela kakhulu izindleko futhi ezinezidingo zokusebenza eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, amapuleti esiqukathi agingqiwe ashisayo noma ajwayelekile angase afaneleke kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-22-2025