Umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwamapayipi e-American Standard (ikakhulukazi amazinga ochungechunge lwe-ASTM) kanye namapayipi e-Chinese Standard (ikakhulukazi amazinga ochungechunge lwe-GB) usesimisweni esijwayelekile, imininingwane yobukhulu, amamaki ezinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe. Ngezansi ukuqhathanisa okuningiliziwe okuhlelekile:
1. Uhlelo Olujwayelekile kanye Nobubanzi Bokusebenza
| Isigaba | Izinga laseMelika (i-ASTM) | Izinga lesiShayina (GB) |
|---|---|---|
| Izindinganiso Eziyinhloko | Amapayipi angenamthungo: ASTM A106, A53 Amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali: ASTM A312, A269 Amapayipi ashiselwe: ASTM A500, A672 | Amapayipi angenamthungo: GB/T 8163, GB/T 3087 Amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali: GB/T 14976 Amapayipi ashiselwe: GB/T 3091, GB/T 9711 |
| Izimo Zohlelo Lokusebenza | Imakethe yaseNyakatho Melika, amaphrojekthi omhlaba wonke (uwoyela negesi, imboni yamakhemikhali), edinga ukuhambisana nemininingwane esekelayo njenge-API ne-ASME | Amaphrojekthi asekhaya, amanye amaphrojekthi aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ahambisana nezincazelo zesikebhe sokucindezela esisekelwa yi-GB kanye nepayipi |
| Isisekelo Sokuklama | Ihambisana nochungechunge lwe-ASME B31 (amakhodi okuklama amapayipi okucindezela) | Ihambisana ne-GB 50316 (Ikhodi Yokuklama Amapayipi Ensimbi Ezimboni) |
2. Uhlelo Lokucaciswa Kobukhulu
Lona umehluko oqondakala kalula, ogxile ekulebheleni ububanzi bepayipi kanye nochungechunge lokujiya kodonga.
Ukulebula Ububanzi Bepayipi
- I-American Standard: Isebenzisa Usayizi Wepayipi Elingaguquki (i-NPS) (isb., i-NPS 2, i-NPS 4) ngamasentimitha, okungahambelani ngqo nobubanzi bangempela bangaphandle (isb., i-NPS 2 ihambelana nobubanzi bangaphandle obungu-60.3mm).
- Izinga lesiShayina: Isebenzisa ububanzi obungaguquki (DN) (isb., DN50, DN100) ngamamilimitha, lapho inani le-DN liseduze nobubanzi bangaphandle bepayipi (isb., DN50 ihambisana nobubanzi bangaphandle obungu-57mm).
Uchungechunge Lokujiya Kodonga
- I-American Standard: Yamukela uchungechunge lweShejuli (Sch) (isb., Sch40, Sch80, Sch160). Ubukhulu bodonga buyanda ngenombolo ye-Sch, futhi amanani ahlukene e-Sch ahambisana nobukhulu bodonga obuhlukene be-NPS efanayo.
- Izinga lesiShayina: Lisebenzisa isigaba sobukhulu bodonga (S), isigaba sokucindezela, noma lilebula ngokuqondile ubukhulu bodonga (isb., φ57×3.5). Ezinye izindinganiso zisekela nokulebula kochungechunge lwe-Sch.
3. Amabanga Ezinto Ezibalulekile Nomehluko Wokusebenza
| Isigaba | Izinto Ezijwayelekile ZaseMelika | Izinto Ezijwayelekile Ezilinganayo ZaseShayina | Umehluko Wokusebenza |
|---|---|---|---|
| Insimbi Yekhabhoni | I-ASTM A106 Gr.B | Insimbi ye-GB/T 8163 Grade 20 | I-ASTM Gr.B inokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-sulfur ne-phosphorus kanye nokuqina okungcono kokushisa okuphansi; Insimbi ye-GB Grade 20 inikeza ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko okuphezulu, efanelekile ezimweni zokucindezela okuphansi kuya kokuphakathi |
| Insimbi engagqwali | I-ASTM A312 TP304 | GB/T 14976 06Cr19Ni10 | Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali okufanayo; I-American Standard inezidingo eziqinile zokuhlolwa kokugqwala kwe-intergranular, kuyilapho i-Chinese Standard icacisa izimo ezahlukene zokulethwa |
| Insimbi Ene-Alloy Ephansi | I-ASTM A335 P11 | I-GB/T 9948 12Cr2Mo | I-ASTM P11 inikeza amandla okushisa aphezulu azinzile; i-GB 12Cr2Mo ifanelekela amapayipi ebhoyila esitshalo samandla sasekhaya |
4. Izidingo Zobuchwepheshe kanye Nezindinganiso Zokuhlola
Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezela
- I-American Standard: Ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic kuyimfuneko eyimpoqo enamafomula wokubala ingcindezi yokuhlola eqinile, ehambisana nemininingwane ye-ASME B31; ukuhlolwa okungabhubhisi (UT/RT) kuyadingeka kwamanye amapayipi anomfutho ophezulu.
- Izinga lesiShayina: Ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic kungaxoxiswana ngakho uma kudingeka ngengcindezi yokuhlola ekhululekile; isilinganiso sokuhlolwa okungonakalisi sinqunywa yikilasi lephayiphi (isb., ukuhlolwa okungu-100% kwamaphayiphi ekilasi le-GC1).
Izimo Zokulethwa
- I-American Standard: Amapayipi avame ukulethwa esimweni esijwayelekile + esithambile kanye nezidingo zokwelashwa kwendawo ecacile (isb., ukuthosa, ukudlulisa umoya).
- Izinga lesiShayina: Ingalethwa ezimweni ezigoqwe ngokushisa, ezidonswa kubanda, ezijwayelekile, noma kwezinye izimo ezinezidingo zokwelashwa kwendawo eziguquguqukayo.
5. Umehluko Wokuhambisana Ezindleleni Zokuxhumana
- Amapayipi ajwayelekile aseMelika ahambisana nokufakwa (ama-flange, izindololwane) okuhambisana ne-ASME B16.5, kanti ama-flange avame ukusebenzisa izindawo zokuvala ze-RF (Raised Face) kanye nezigaba zokucindezela ezibhalwe ngokuthi i-Class (isb., i-Class 150, i-Class 300).
- Amapayipi ajwayelekile aseShayina ahambisana nezinto zokufaka ezihambisana ne-GB/T 9112-9124, kanye nama-flange abhalwe yi-PN (isb., PN16, PN25) ezigaba zokucindezela. Izinhlobo zomphezulu wokuvala ziyahambisana ne-American Standard kodwa ziyahlukahluka kancane ngobukhulu.
Izincomo Zokukhetha Okuyinhloko
- Beka phambili amapayipi e-American Standard kumaphrojekthi aphesheya; qinisekisa ukuthi izitifiketi ze-NPS, uchungechunge lwe-Sch, kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo ziyahlangabezana nezimfuneko ze-ASTM.
- Beka phambili amapayipi e-Chinese Standard kumaphrojekthi asekhaya ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi kanye nokunikezwa okwanele kwezinto zokusekela.
- Ungawaxubi ngqo amapayipi e-American Standard kanye ne-Chinese Standard, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlanganiswa i-flange—ukungalingani kobukhulu kungabangela ukwehluleka kokuvala.
Ngingakunikeza ithebula lokuguqulwa kwemininingwane ejwayelekile yamapayipi (i-American Standard NPS vs. i-Chinese Standard DN) ukuze kube lula ukukhetha nokuguqulwa okusheshayo. Ungayidinga?
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 15-2025