Ucingo lwensimbi engagqwali luyinto eguquguqukayo esetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ngenxa yokuqina kwalo, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye namandla aphezulu okudonseka. Ukuqonda inqubo yokukhiqiza ucingo lwensimbi engagqwali kusukela esigabeni sezinto zokusetshenziswa kuya ekukhiqizweni komkhiqizo oqediwe kubalulekile. Lesi sihloko sizonikeza isingeniso esijulile sendlela yokukhiqiza ucingo lwensimbi engagqwali kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula obuhilelekile enkambisweni yokukhiqiza.
Uhambo lokukhiqiza ucingo lwensimbi engagqwali luqala ngokukhethwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa. Ingxenye eyinhloko yocingo lwensimbi engagqwali yi-chromium, ekhulisa ukumelana nokugqwala komkhiqizo wokugcina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinto ezifana ne-nickel, i-carbon kanye ne-manganese zengezwa ukuthuthukisa izici ezithile zocingo, njengokuqina nokwakheka. Lezi zinto zokusetshenziswa zilinganiswa ngokucophelela futhi zixutshwe ngezilinganiso eziqondile ukuze kufezwe izici ezifiselekayo.
Uma izinto zokusetshenziswa sezixubile, ziyancibilika. Ingxube ishiswa endaweni elawulwa kakhulu, ngokuvamile esithandweni sikagesi. Njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, izinto zokusetshenziswa ziyancibilika bese zakha ingxubevange yensimbi engagqwali ewuketshezi. Insimbi engagqwali encibilikisiwe bese ithululelwa ezikhumbeni ukuze kudalwe imikhiqizo eqediwe kancane njenge-billets noma i-ingots.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo enkambisweni yokukhiqiza ukugoqa okushisayo komkhiqizo oqediwe kancane. I-billet noma i-ingot iyashiswa bese idlula ochungechungeni lwama-roller, okunciphisa kancane kancane ukujiya kwayo. Inqubo yokugoqa okushisayo isiza ekucwengisiseni isakhiwo sezinhlamvu zensimbi engagqwali futhi ithuthukise izakhiwo zayo zemishini. Ukunciphisa ukujiya okutholakala ngesikhathi sokugoqa okushisayo kubalulekile ukuthola ububanzi bentambo yensimbi engagqwali oyifunayo.
Ngemva kokugoqa okushisayo, insimbi engagqwali idlula enkambisweni ebizwa ngokuthi i-annealing. I-Annealing iwukushisa ucingo lwensimbi engagqwali kuze kufike ezingeni lokushisa elithile bese ilugcina isikhathi esinqunyiwe. Le nqubo inciphisa ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi, ithambise izinto futhi yenze kube lula ukuzisebenzisa. I-Annealing iphinde ithuthukise isakhiwo sekristalu futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kocingo.
Ngemva kokufakwa kwe-anneal, ucingo lwensimbi engagqwali lusuke selulungele ukudweba olubandayo. Ukudweba okubandayo kuhilela ukudweba ucingo ochungechungeni lwezinsimbi ukuze kuncishiswe kancane kancane ububanzi balo futhi kwandiswe ubude balo. Le nqubo iphinde ithuthukise ukuphela kobuso bentambo, isuse noma yikuphi ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi okusele futhi ithuthukise kakhulu izakhiwo zayo zomshini. Ucingo lwensimbi engagqwali lungadonswa izikhathi eziningi ukuze kufinyelelwe ububanzi obufunekayo, kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana kanye nekhwalithi.
Isinyathelo sokugcina enkambisweni yokukhiqiza ukwelashwa kwendawo. Ucingo lwensimbi engagqwali luvame ukudinga ukwelashwa kwendawo njengokukhuhla, ukukhuhla noma ukugqokisa, kuye ngokuthi lusetshenziswa kanjani. Ukukhuhla kuhilela ukususa isikali noma ukungcola ebusweni bentambo, kuyilapho ukukhuhla kudala ungqimba oluncane lwe-oxide oluthuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala. Izinqubo zokukhuhla ezifana nokukhuhla nge-electroplating noma ukugalela nge-galvanizing zingasetshenziswa futhi ukunikeza isivikelo esengeziwe noma ukuthuthukisa ukubukeka kwentambo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-09-2024