Ukufakwa kwamapayipi

Ukufakwa kwamapayipi kuyingxenye ebalulekile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlelo zamapayipi, njengezingxenye ezibalulekile kumathuluzi okunemba—ezincane kodwa ezibalulekile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamanzi lwasekhaya noma uhlelo lokukhipha amanzi noma inethiwekhi yamapayipi amakhulu ezimboni, ukufakelwa kwamapayipi kwenza imisebenzi ebalulekile njengokuxhuma, ukulawula, ukuqondisa kabusha, ukuphambukisa, ukuvala, kanye nokusekela, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile nokuphumelelayo kohlelo lwamapayipi.

Izinhlobo Zokufakwa Kwepayipi

Ukufakwa kwamapayipi kuza ngezindlela eziningi futhi kungahlukaniswa ngezindlela ezahlukene ngokusekelwe ezindinganisweni ezahlukene:

• Ukuhlukaniswa Ngokwesicelo: Izinto ezisetshenziswa ukuxhuma amapayipi, njenge-flanges, zithola uxhumano oluphephile ngokuxhumeka okunamabholidi futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezidinga ukuhlukaniswa njalo noma lapho ukuvala okuqinile kubalulekile khona. Izinyunyana zenza kube lula ukuhlanganisa nokuhlukaniswa, kanye nokulungiswa. Izinto ezixhunyaniswayo zisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma amapayipi amabili aqondile anobubanzi obufanayo ukuze kube lula ukusebenza. Izinto ezishintsha indlela amapayipi aqondiswa ngayo, njengezindololwane, izibonelo ezivamile ziyizindololwane ezingama-degree angu-90 kanye nama-degree angu-45, zisetshenziswa lapho amapayipi kudingeka agobe khona, okuwavumela ukuthi adlule izithiyo futhi enze kube lula ukuhlelwa kahle. Izinto ezishintsha ububanzi bepayipi, njengezinciphisi, zixhuma amapayipi anobubanzi obuhlukene, okuqinisekisa ukuguquka okubushelelezi koketshezi phakathi kwawo nokuxazulula ukungalingani kobubanzi bepayipi. Izesekeli zokuxhuma amapayipi, njenge-tee, zingahlukanisa ipayipi elilodwa libe ngamabili noma zihlanganise amapayipi amabili abe linye, futhi zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni lapho ukugeleza kuhlangana khona noma kuhlangana ohlelweni lwamapayipi. Iziphambano zivumela uxhumano lwamapayipi olunezindlela ezine, olufanele izidingo zokuxhuma eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Izesekeli zokuvala amapayipi, njengezigasket, zifakwa phakathi kwamalunga amabili ukugcwalisa izikhala nokuvimbela ukuvuza koketshezi. Iteyipu ye-Teflon ivame ukugoqwa ezixhunyanisweni ezinezintambo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuvalwa. Amapuleti ayizimpumputhe asetshenziselwa ukuvala okwesikhashana noma unomphela uhlangothi olulodwa lwepayipi, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile kohlelo lwamapayipi. Izesekeli zokuvala amapayipi, njengezibakaki, zisekela isisindo sepayipi futhi zinciphise ukuguquka okubangelwa amandla adonsela phansi noma ukucindezela koketshezi. Ama-clamp amapayipi avikela ipayipi ngokuphephile ukuvimbela ukufuduka.

• Ukuhlukaniswa ngendlela yokuxhuma: Izinto zokufaka amapayipi ezihlanganisiwe zixhuma ipayipi nepayipi ngokushisela, zinikeza amandla aphezulu kanye nokuvala okuhle kakhulu. Zifanele izinhlelo zokushisa okuphezulu, ukucindezela okuphezulu, kanye nezinhlelo zamapayipi ezinezidingo eziqinile zokuvala. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yokuxhuma iyinkimbinkimbi futhi kungaba nzima ukuyihlukanisa ukuze ilungiswe kamuva. Izinto zokufaka amapayipi ezihlanganisiwe zisebenzisa izintambo zokuxhuma, okwenza kube lula ukuzifaka nokuyihlukanisa. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamapayipi ezingaphansi kokucindezela, ezincane, njengezinhlelo zamanzi asekhaya kanye nokukhipha amanzi. Kodwa-ke, ukuxhumeka kwezintambo kunezakhiwo zokuvala ezibuthakathaka futhi kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokuvala ukuqinisekisa ukuvalwa okuqinile. Izinto zokucindezela zithola ukuvalwa nokuxhumeka ngokukhipha i-ferrule, okunikeza ukufakwa okusheshayo nokuvalwa okuthembekile. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamapayipi ezinobubanzi obuncane njengezinsimbi kanye ne-pneumatics. Izinto zokufaka i-clamp zisebenzisa i-clamp ukuxhuma amapayipi amabili noma izinto zokufaka. Zinikeza ukuxhumeka okulula kanye nokufakwa okusheshayo nokususwa, okwenza zifaneleke ukusetshenziswa lapho isivinini sibalulekile, njengezinhlelo zamapayipi okuvikela umlilo. Izinto zokufaka isokhethi zifakwa ekugcineni kwepayipi bese zivalwa. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ukuxhuma amapayipi ensimbi ensimbi kanye nokhonkolo. Nakuba kulula ukuwasebenzisa, adinga ukujula okuthile kokufakwa kanye nezinqubo zokuvala.

Izinto Zokufaka Amapayipi

Izindawo zokusebenza ezahlukene kanye nemidiya kubeka izidingo ezahlukene ekusebenzeni kokufakwa kwamapayipi, okwenza kudingeke ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezahlukahlukene zokufakwa kwamapayipi:

• Insimbi: Insimbi yekhabhoni inikeza izindleko eziphansi, amandla aphezulu, kanye nokucutshungulwa okuhle kakhulu. Isetshenziswa kabanzi kumapayipi ezimboni ajwayelekile kanye nezinhlelo zokunikeza amanzi kanye nokukhipha amanzi. Kodwa-ke, insimbi yekhabhoni inokumelana nokugqwala okubi futhi idinga ukwelashwa kokulwa nokugqwala njengokufaka i-galvanizing kanye nokupenda kwezinye izindawo ezikhethekile. Insimbi engagqwali inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini, okwenza ivame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezifana nokudla, imithi, amakhemikhali, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zasolwandle, lapho ukumelana nokugqwala kudinga kakhulu khona. Amabanga avamile ensimbi engagqwali afaka phakathi u-304 no-316. Insimbi engagqwali engu-316 ifaka i-molybdenum ku-304, okuthuthukisa ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala, ikakhulukazi ngokumelene nama-chloride. Ama-alloy ethusi anikeza ukuhanjiswa okuhle kakhulu kokushisa kanye nogesi, ukucutshungulwa okuhle, kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuhle, okwenza ukuthi avame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamapayipi okunikeza amanzi, ukushisa, kanye nokupholisa, njengamapayipi amanzi ashisayo asekhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo zokulwa namagciwane ze-alloy zethusi zinikeza inzuzo eyingqayizivele ezindaweni ezinezidingo eziphezulu zokuhlanzeka.

• Izinto Ezingezona ezensimbi: Izithako zamapayipi epulasitiki zisetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yokuthi zilula, azigqwali, kulula ukuzifaka, kanye nentengo ephansi. Amapayipi e-PPR avame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zamanzi ashisayo nabandayo zasekhaya. Awanabo ubuthi, ahlanzekile, amelana nokushisa, futhi angaphinde asetshenziswe. Amapayipi e-PVC asetshenziswa kabanzi kumapayipi okukhipha amanzi kanye namapayipi okuvikela ikhebula, anikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu kanye nezakhiwo zokuvikela ukushisa. Izithako zamapayipi ngerabha zinikeza ukuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu kanye nezakhiwo zokuvala. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ukuxhuma imishini yamapayipi nokuxhumeka okuguquguqukayo, njengamapayipi okukhipha amanzi omshini wokuwasha kanye nezixhumi ze-sanitary fixture. Zisebenza futhi njengezithako ezinhlelweni zamapayipi, njenge-raber gaskets kanye nezindandatho zokuvala.

Izindawo Zokusetshenziswa Kwezici Zokufaka Amapayipi

Ukufakwa kwamapayipi kutholakala emikhakheni eyahlukene futhi kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuvamile kokukhiqiza nokuphila:

• Ukwakhiwa: Esimisweni samanzi nesokukhipha amanzi esakhiweni, ukufakwa kwamapayipi kubalulekile ekuthuthweni kwamanzi asekhaya nasekukhipheni amanzi angcolile. Kusukela ekuxhunyweni kwamapayipi amanzi angenayo kuya ekubekweni kwamapayipi ezindlini zangasese nasemakhishini, ukufakwa kwamapayipi ahlukahlukene namavalvu kubalulekile. Isibonelo, ompompi namavalvu e-angle kulawula ukugeleza kwamanzi okuvula nokuphuma; ama-tee nama-elbow ahlukanisa futhi aqondise kabusha amapayipi, ukuqinisekisa ukugeleza kwamanzi okubushelelezi ezindaweni ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa. Ezinhlelweni zokuvikela umlilo, ukufakwa kwamapayipi kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvikeleni impilo nempahla. Amapayipi okuvikela umlilo kumele axhunywe kunethiwekhi ephelele kusetshenziswa ukufakwa okuhlukahlukene ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi okulwa nomlilo angalethwa ngokushesha nangokunembile ezindaweni ezahlukene zokulwa nomlilo uma kwenzeka umlilo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlelo zokuvikela umlilo zibeka izidingo eziqinile ekumelaneni nengcindezi, ukuvala, kanye nokuthembeka kwamapayipi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle ezimweni eziphuthumayo.

• Umkhakha Wezimboni: Embonini yamakhemikhali kaphethroli, izinhlelo zamapayipi zithutha izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto ezivuthayo, eziqhumayo, nezingcolisayo, okubeka izidingo eziqinile kakhulu ezintweni ezifakwayo zamapayipi. Izinto ezifakwayo nama-valve kumele abe namandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu, kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokuvala ukuqinisekisa izinqubo zokukhiqiza eziphephile nezizinzile. Isibonelo, izinto ezifakwayo zensimbi engagqwali kanye nezinto ezikhethekile ze-alloy zisetshenziswa kabanzi emipayipini kawoyela ongahluziwe ezindaweni zokuhluza kanye nasezindaweni zezinto zokusabela kwamakhemikhali ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali, ezikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu, ukucindezeleka okuphezulu, kanye nezinto ezifakwayo ezingcolisayo kakhulu. Embonini yamandla, kungaba ekukhiqizeni amandla okushisa, amanzi kagesi, noma enuzi, izinhlelo zamapayipi zidlala indima ebalulekile. Amapayipi athutha izinto ezifana nomusi, amanzi, kanye namafutha adinga izinto ezihambisanayo zamapayipi ukuze kube lula ukudluliselwa, ukulawula, kanye nokulawulwa kwalezi zinto ezifakwayo. Isibonelo, amapayipi omusi ashisa kakhulu, acindezelekile kakhulu ezitshalweni zamandla adinga izinto ezifakwayo nama-valve ensimbi ye-alloy aqinile, aqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa komusi okuphumelelayo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamayunithi.

Nakuba kubonakala kungavamile, ukufakwa kwamapayipi kudlala indima engenakuphindwa ezinhlelweni ezahlukene zamapayipi. Kusukela ekuhlukeni kwezinhlobo kuya ekucebeni kwezinto, kanye nobubanzi bezicelo, yonke isixhumanisi ixhumene eduze, ndawonye yakha umhlaba omkhulu nohlelekile wamapayipi. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo yemboni, ukufakwa kwamapayipi kuzoqhubeka nokusungula izinto ezintsha nokuthuthukisa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zesicelo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezidinga kakhulu, okuhlinzeka ngokusekelwa okuqinile ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni ezahlukene.