Ⅰ-I-AcidUkukha
1.- Incazelo Ye-Acid-Pickling: Ama-Acid asetshenziselwa ukususa isikali se-iron oxide ngamakhemikhali endaweni ethile, izinga lokushisa, nesivinini, okubizwa ngokuthi i-picling.
2.- Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Acid-Pickling: Ngokohlobo lwe-asidi, ihlukaniswe i-sulfuric acid pickling, i-hydrochloric acid pickling, i-nitric acid pickling, kanye ne-hydrofluoric acid pickling. Imidiya ehlukene kufanele ikhethwe ukuze ikhethwe ngokusekelwe ezintweni zensimbi, njengokukhetha insimbi ye-carbon ne-sulfuric acid ne-hydrochloric acid, noma insimbi engagqwali exutshwe nengxube ye-nitric acid ne-hydrofluoric acid.
Ngokusho kokuma kwensimbi, ihlukaniswe yaba yi-wire pickling, i-forging pickling, i-steel plate pickling, i-strip pickling, njll.
Ngokuhambisana nohlobo lwemishini yokukhetha, ihlukaniswe yaba ukucotshwa kwamathangi, ukucosha kancane okuqhubekayo, ukuqoqwa okuqhubekayo okuphelele, nokuqoqwa kombhoshongo.
3.- Umgomo we-asidi pickling: I-asidi pickling inqubo yokukhipha izikali ze-iron oxide ezindaweni zensimbi kusetshenziswa izindlela zamakhemikhali, yingakho ibizwa nangokuthi i-chemical acid pickling. Izikali ze-iron oxide (Fe203, Fe304, Fe0) ezakhiwe phezu kwamapayipi ensimbi ziyi-oxide eyisisekelo engancibiliki emanzini. Uma zicwiliswa kusisombululo se-asidi noma zifuthwe ngesisombululo se-asidi ngaphezulu, le oxide eyisisekelo ingabhekana nochungechunge lwezinguquko zamakhemikhali nge-asidi.
Ngenxa yokuxega, okuyizimbotshana, nokuqhekeka kwesikali se-oxide ebusweni bensimbi ye-carbon structural noma insimbi ephansi ye-alloy, kuhlanganiswe nokugoba okuphindaphindiwe kwesikali se-oxide kanye nensimbi yomugqa ngesikhathi sokuqondisa, ukuqondisa kokuqina, kanye nokuhamba kulayini wokukhetha, le mifantu yezimbotshana iyanda futhi yanda. Ngakho-ke, isixazululo se-asidi sihlangana nesikali se-oxide ngamakhemikhali futhi siphinde sihlangane nensimbi engaphansi kwensimbi ngemifantu nezimbotshana. Okusho ukuthi, ekuqaleni kokuwashwa kwe-asidi, ukuhlangana kwamakhemikhali amathathu phakathi kwesikali se-iron oxide kanye nensimbi yensimbi nesisombululo se-asidi kwenziwa kanyekanye Izikali ze-Iron oxide zibhekana nokusabela kwamakhemikhali nge-asidi futhi ziyancibilika (ukuhlakazeka) Insimbi yensimbi ihlangana ne-asidi ukuze kukhiqizwe igesi ye-hydrogen, exebula ngomshini isikali se-oxide (umphumela we-iron oxide owumshini wokuxebuka) ekuphenduleni kwe-asidi, bese isabela nama-asidi azosuswa (ukunciphisa).
Ⅱ-Passivation/Ayisebenzi/Yenziwa kungasebenzi
1.- Umgomo we-passivation: Indlela yokudlulisa ingachazwa ngethiyori yefilimu emincane, ephakamisa ukuthi ukudlula kubangelwa ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinsimbi nezinto ezikhipha i-oxidizing, okukhiqiza ifilimu encane kakhulu, eminyene, embozwe kahle, futhi ekhangisiwe ngokuqinile endaweni yensimbi. Lolu ngqimba lwefilimu lukhona njengesigaba esizimele, ngokuvamile inhlanganisela yezinsimbi ezixutshwe ne-oxidized. Idlala indima ekuhlukaniseni ngokuphelele insimbi endaweni egqwalayo, ivimbele insimbi ukuthi ingahlangani nendawo edlayo, ngaleyo ndlela imise ukuncibilika kwensimbi futhi yenze isimo sokungenzi lutho ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela wokunqanda ukugqwala.
2.- Izinzuzo ze-passivation:
1) Uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokuvala zendabuko ezingokomzimba, ukwelashwa kwe-passivation kunesici sokungakhulisi neze ukushuba kwesiqeshana sokusebenza nokushintsha umbala, ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kanye nenani elengeziwe lomkhiqizo, okwenza ukusebenza kube lula;
2) Ngenxa yesimo esingasasebenzi senqubo yokudlula, i-ejenti yokudlula ingangezwa ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi isetshenziswe, okuholela ekuphileni okude kanye nezindleko zokonga kakhulu.
I-3) I-Passivation ikhuthaza ukwakheka kwefilimu ye-oksijini yesakhiwo samangqamuzana endaweni yensimbi, ehlangene futhi ezinzile ekusebenzeni, futhi inomphumela wokuzilungisa emoyeni ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngakho-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela yendabuko yokugcoba uwoyela we-antirust, ifilimu ye-passivation eyakhiwe yi-passivation izinzile futhi imelana nokugqwala. Iningi lemiphumela yokushaja kungqimba lwe-oxide ihlobene ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile nenqubo ye-oxidation eshisayo. Ezingeni lokushisa lika-800-1250 ℃, inqubo ye-oxidation eshisayo isebenzisa umoya-mpilo owomile, umoya-mpilo omanzi, noma umhwamuko wamanzi unezigaba ezintathu eziqhubekayo. Okokuqala, umoya-mpilo osemkhathini wemvelo ungena ongqimbeni lwe-oxide okhiqizwayo, bese umoya-mpilo usakazeka ngaphakathi nge-silicon dioxide. Uma ifinyelela kusixhumi esibonakalayo se-Si02-Si, isabela ne-silicon ukwenza i-silicon dioxide entsha. Ngale ndlela, inqubo eqhubekayo yokusabela kokusabalalisa kwe-oksijini entry kwenzeka, okubangela ukuthi i-silicon eseduze nesixhumi esibonakalayo ukuthi iguqule ngokuqhubekayo ibe i-silica, futhi ungqimba lwe-oxide lukhulela ngaphakathi kwe-silicon wafer ngesilinganiso esithile.
Ⅲ-I-Phosphating
Ukwelashwa kwe-Phosphating ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okwenza ungqimba lwefilimu (ifilimu ye-phosphating) ebusweni. Inqubo yokwelapha i-phosphating isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zensimbi, ngenhloso yokuhlinzeka ngefilimu evikelayo ukuze ihlukanise insimbi emoyeni futhi ivimbele ukugqwala; Ingasetshenziswa futhi njenge-primer yeminye imikhiqizo ngaphambi kokudweba. Ngalolu ngqimba lwefilimu ye-phosphating, lungathuthukisa ukunamathela nokumelana nokugqwala kwesendlalelo sepende, sithuthukise izakhiwo zokuhlobisa, futhi senze ubuso bensimbi bubukeke buhle kakhulu. Ingase futhi idlale indima yokugcoba kwezinye izinqubo zokusebenza ezibandayo zensimbi.
Ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-phosphating, i-workpiece ngeke i-oxidize noma igxume isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kokwelashwa kwe-phosphating kubanzi kakhulu futhi kuyinqubo yokwelashwa kwensimbi evame ukusetshenziswa. Iya ngokuya isetshenziswa ezimbonini ezinjengezezimoto, imikhumbi, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemishini.
1.- Ukuhlukaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwe-phosphating
Imvamisa, ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kuzokwethula umbala ohlukile, kepha ukwelashwa kwe-phosphating kungasuselwa ezidingweni zangempela ngokusebenzisa ama-ejenti ahlukene we-phosphating ukwethula imibala ehlukene. Yingakho sivame ukubona ukwelashwa kwe-phosphating ngokumpunga, umbala, noma omnyama.
I-iron phosphating: ngemuva kwe-phosphating, ingaphezulu lizobonisa umbala we-rainbow kanye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngakho-ke kubizwa nangokuthi umbala we-phosphorus. Isixazululo se-phosphating ikakhulukazi sisebenzisa i-molybdate njengento eluhlaza, ezokwakha ifilimu yombala we-rainbow phosphating ebusweni bezinto zensimbi, futhi isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukudweba ungqimba olungezansi, ukuze kuzuzwe ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-workpiece futhi kuthuthukiswe ukunamathela kwe-surface coating.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-10-2024