Amapayipi Ahlanganisiwe
Incazelo Yemikhiqizo
Amapayipi ahlanganisiwe, aziwa nangokuthi amapayipi ensimbi ahlanganisiwe, enziwa ngokugoqa amapuleti ensimbi noma imichilo ibe yisimo se-tubular bese ehlanganisa amalunga. Kanye namapayipi angenamthungo, angenye yezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamapayipi ensimbi. Izici zawo eziyinhloko ukukhiqizwa okulula, izindleko eziphansi, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zemininingwane.
I. Ukuhlukaniswa Okuyinhloko: Ukuhlukaniswa Ngenqubo Yokushisela
Izinqubo ezahlukene zokushisela zinquma ukusebenza kwamapayipi ashiselwe. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko:
• Ipayipi Elihlanganisiwe Eliyindilinga (i-ERW): Ngemva kokugoqa umucu wensimbi ube yisigaba esiyindilinga noma esiyisikwele, umthungo uyashintshwa ngobude (ngobude) eceleni kwepayipi. Lokhu kunikeza ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi, okwenza kufanelekele ukuthuthwa koketshezi olunomfutho ophansi (njengamanzi negesi) kanye nezinhlelo zokusekela isakhiwo. Imininingwane evamile ifaka phakathi ububanzi obuncane nobuphakathi (ngokuvamile ≤630mm).
• Ipayipi Elihlanganisiwe Elisontekile (SSAW): Umugqa wensimbi ugoqwa ngendlela ejikelezayo futhi umthungo uhlanganiswa ngasikhathi sinye, okwenza kube nepayipi elisontekile elisontekile. Umthungo wokusontekile ucindezelwe ngokulinganayo, unikeza ukumelana kokuthambekela nokugoba okuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nepayipi elisontekile elisontekile elisontekile. Lokhu kuvumela ukukhiqizwa kwamapayipi amakhulu (afinyelela ku-3,000mm ububanzi) futhi ikakhulukazi asetshenziselwa ukuthuthwa koketshezi olunomfutho ophezulu (njengepayipi likawoyela negesi yemvelo) kanye namapayipi okukhipha amanzi kamasipala.
• Ipayipi elihlanganisiwe lensimbi engagqwali: Lenziwe ngeshidi/umcu wensimbi engagqwali, elihlanganisiwe kusetshenziswa izinqubo ezifana ne-TIG (i-tungsten inert gas arc welding) kanye ne-MIG (i-metal metal arc welding). Linamandla okugqwala kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwensimbi engagqwali futhi lifanele ukusetshenziswa okudinga izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu, njengokucubungula ukudla, amakhemikhali, kanye namadivayisi ezokwelapha. Livame ukusetshenziswa kumapayipi amancane naphakathi anobubanzi obuphakathi.
II. Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko
1. Izindleko Eziphansi Nokukhiqizwa Okuphezulu: Uma kuqhathaniswa nepayipi elingenamthungo (elidinga izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi njengokubhoboza nokugingqa), ipayipi elihlanganisiwe linikeza ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza emfushane. Izindleko ngokuvamile ziphansi ngo-20%-50% ngokwezincazelo ezifanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lingakhiqizwa ngamaqoqo futhi ngokuqhubekayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo esikhulu.
2. Imininingwane Eguquguqukayo: Amapayipi anobubanzi obuhlukahlukene (kusukela kumamilimitha ambalwa kuya kumamitha amaningana), ubukhulu bodonga, kanye nezingxenye eziphambeneyo (eziyindilinga, eziyisikwele, nezingunxande) angakhiqizwa uma kudingeka ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zomuntu siqu zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ezokwakha kanye nezimboni.
3. Ukucutshungulwa Okulula: Izinto ezifanayo kanye nokushintshwa okuzinzile kwenza kube lula ukusika, ukubhoboza, ukugoba, kanye neminye imisebenzi yokucubungula, okuqinisekisa ukufakwa okulula.
III. Izindawo Eziyinhloko Zokusebenza
• Imboni Yokwakha: Isetshenziswa kumapayipi okuhambisa amanzi kanye nawokukhipha amanzi, amapayipi okuvikela umlilo, izisekelo zesakhiwo sensimbi (njengesikafula kanye nezikhonkwane zodonga lwamakhethini), ozimele bomnyango namafasitela (amapayipi ahlanganisiwe angunxande), njll.
• Umkhakha Wezimboni: Usetshenziswa njengamapayipi okuthutha uketshezi olunomfutho ophansi (amanzi, umoya ocindezelwe, umusi), amapayipi asekela imishini, izivikelo zemishini, njll.; amapayipi ahlanganisiwe anobubanzi obukhulu asetshenziswa emapayipini kawoyela negesi yemvelo aqhelelene.
• Umkhakha Kamasipala: Kusetshenziswa emapayipini okudonsa amanzi asemadolobheni, kumanethiwekhi epayipi likaphethiloli (umfutho ophakathi nophansi), izinsika zokukhanyisa imigwaqo, izivikelo zethrafikhi, njll.
• Impilo Yansuku Zonke: Amapayipi amancane ashiselwe (njengamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali) asetshenziswa ezibayeni zefenisha kanye nasezindleleni zasekhishini (njengamapayipi okukhipha umoya e-range hood).
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